An Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is a critical system that provides emergency power to a load when the main power source fails. There are three main categories of UPS systems: online UPS, line interactive UPS, and offline UPS. In this article, we will focus on the differences between online UPS and line interactive UPS.
Online UPS
An online UPS uses a “double conversion” method to provide continuous power to the protected equipment. It accepts AC input, rectifies it to DC, and then inverts it back to AC to power the load. This constant conversion ensures a stable power supply, even during power failures. The input AC power charges the backup battery, which then powers the output inverter. This means that even when the input power fails, there is no transfer time or interruption of power to the load. Online UPS systems offer the highest level of protection against all power irregularities and are ideal for mission-critical applications.
Advantages of Online UPS:
- Better voltage regulation
- No transfer time during power failure
- Stable power output
- Highest protection against power irregularities
Disadvantages of Online UPS:
- Complex design and higher cost
- Higher power dissipation
- Reduced overall efficiency
Line Interactive UPS
A line interactive UPS maintains the inverter in line with the power source and redirects the battery’s DC current path when power is lost. In this design, the battery-to-AC power inverter is always connected to the output of the UPS. When the input AC power is normal, the inverter of the UPS provides battery charging. In the event of a power failure, the transfer switch opens, and power flows from the battery to the UPS output. This design offers additional filtering and reduces switching transients since the inverter is always connected to the output.
Advantages of Line Interactive UPS:
- High reliability
- Reasonable voltage conditioning
- Lower electricity consumption
- Suitable for small businesses and homes
Disadvantages of Line Interactive UPS:
- Limited protection against power irregularities
- Does not provide power factor correction or frequency regulation
Both online UPS and line interactive UPS offer protection against power disruptions, but their working principles and capabilities differ. Online UPS provides continuous power with no interruption during power failures and offers the highest level of protection. Line interactive UPS, on the other hand, provides reasonable voltage conditioning and is suitable for small businesses and homes.
When deciding between online UPS and line interactive UPS, consider the level of protection required, the budget, and the specific needs of the application. Online UPS is recommended for mission-critical equipment that requires the highest level of protection, while line interactive UPS provides a balance between protection and cost-effectiveness.
Make an informed decision based on your specific requirements and ensure the uninterrupted operation of your equipment and systems.
See Also
- Can solar inverter work without battery
- AGM Battery Datasheet
- Uninterruptible Power Supply UPS Brochure
- What is the difference between offline UPS and online UPS?
- Uninterruptible power supply – Wikipedia
- PHT1110B-PRO 10kva networking ups
