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Basic Frame Structure of SDLC

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Basic Frame Structure of SDLC

Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) is a protocol commonly used in the Systems Network Architecture (SNA) environment. Developed by IBM in 1974, SNA is a proprietary networking architecture. SDLC supports various typologies and data links, such as point-to-point links, multipoint links, switched networks, and packet networks.

SDLC utilizes a primary station-secondary station model for data communication. On an SDLC data link, the transmission and control of data are organized in a specific format known as a transmission frame. This frame serves as a container for control information and user data, facilitating communication between the transmitting and receiving stations.

The transmission frame allows the receiving station to determine the start and end of the frame, identify frames intended for that particular station, perform necessary actions with the received information, detect and identify transmission errors, and acknowledge frame receipt to the transmitting station.

Frame Format: A Closer Look

Each SDLC transmission frame follows a specific format, comprised of several fields:

  1. Flag Field: The flag (F) field marks the beginning of the frame and is used to initiate and terminate error checking.

  2. Address Field: Following the flag field, the address (A) field identifies the secondary station transmitting the frame. It contains information regarding group addresses, specific addresses, broadcast addresses, and more.

  3. Control Field: The control (C) field specifies the functions of the frame. It can be presented in three formats:

    • Unnumbered (U) format: Used for establishing and disconnecting links, reporting procedural errors, and transmitting data when data sequencing is unnecessary.
    • Supervisory (S) format: Acknowledges received frames, conveys ready or busy conditions, and reports frame numbering errors. This format does not contain an information field.
    • Information (I) format: Transfers data, controls frame sequence and numbering.
  4. Information Field: The optional information (I) field follows the control field and contains the actual information or data to be transmitted.

  5. FCS Field: The Frame Check Sequence (FCS) field follows the information field. It allows the receiving station to verify the accuracy of the transmission and detect any errors that may have occurred during the link connection.

  6. Ending Flag Field: This field indicates the end of the frame.

By understanding the basic frame structure of SDLC, content creators can effectively communicate information about this protocol and its functionalities.

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